Iha edisaun ida ne'e ita sei aprende konaba fundamental subneting iha network ida no oinsa kalkula ou sura subneting. Subnetting mak prosesu ida ne'ebé uza hodi halo distribuisaun rekursu iha network ne'ebé importante tebes iha redes komputador nian, hodi hetan efisiénsia no seguransa liu iha ambiente redes boot.
Subnetting ne'ebé fundamentál involve hakerek no dividi IP address range (CIDR) iha subdivisaun ki'ik (subnet) ne'ebé bele uza iha network. Prosesu ida ne'e ajuda organizasaun atu distribuisaun endereçu IP sira iha maneira ne'ebé efisiente no efektiva.
Nune'e, iha kalkulasaun subnetting, ita tenke hatene paremetru balun inklui:
IP Address Range/CIDR:
CIDR hatudu range kompletu husi IP address sira ne'ebé sei uza iha network.
Exemplu: 192.168.0.0/24.
Subnet Mask:
maskara bit sira ne'ebé uza hodi identifika network prefix (parte fixa) no host identifier (parte variavel) iha IP address. Subnet mask sei determina kuantidade bit sira ne'ebé separa network prefix no host identifier iha CIDR notation.
Subnet ID:
Identifikasaun únika ba kada subnet iha network. Ne'e normalmente hetan hosi kombinasaun entre IP address network prefix no subnet bits ne'ebé determina subnet específiku nian.
Broadcast Address:
Endereçu IP ne'ebé uza hodi hatudu mensajen sira ba kada host iha subnet sira. Iha IPv4, broadcast address normalmente mak adresu iha parte final sira hosi subnet.
Host Range:
Ne'e refere ba número (total IP husi inisiu to Ikus) endereçu IP ne'ebé bele atribui ba dispositivu sira iha kada subnet. Host range sei depende ba subnet mask no kuantidade bit sira ne'ebé aloka ba host identifier iha CIDR.
Number of Hosts per Subnet:
Ne'e hatudu numeru total hosi dispositivu sira ne'ebé bele konektadu iha kada subnet. Numeru ne'e sei depende ba subnet mask no kuantidade bit sira ne'ebé atribui ba host identifier.
Number of Subnets:
Ida ne'e determina numeru total hosi subnet sira ne'ebé bele kria hosi IP address range boot. Numeru ne'e sei depende ba kuantidade bit sira ne'ebé uza hodi aloka ba subnet identifier.
Ho hatene no komprende kada paremetru ne'e, ita bele implementa subnetting ho efikas iha network boot no organizadu. Aprende kona-ba konseitu sira ida ne'e sei ajuda ita atu kompriende kona-ba oinsa hosi sura no implementa subnetting iha network.
Oinsa atu kalkula :
-
Total IP
- IP Network
- IP Broadcast
- IP Host
- SubnetMask
Metudu barak mak uja hodi sura subnetting tuir ida-idak nia gostu maibe iha edisaun ida ita uja metudo ne'ebe Fasil no Lais liu hodi sura subnetting :
- Kalkula Subnet - Sura Total IP
Subnet Mask/Prefix
Formula:
2( 32-n ) n=Prefix subnet
Ex1 : IP Class C 192.168.1.0/30
= 2( 32-30 )
= 2( 2 )
= 4
Total ip husi /30 = 4 host (ip 4) no host 2 mak automatikamente sei la utiliza tamba ida hanesan Network ID no ida
seluk hanesan broadcast, ne'ebe ip sei uja iha /30 iha ip rua deit.
Ex2. 192.168.1.0/29
= 2( 32-29 )
= 2( 3 )
= 8
Total ip husi /29 = 8 host (IP 8) no host 2 mak automatikamente sei la utiliza tamba ida hanesan Network ID no ida seluk hanesan broadcast, ne'ebe ip nebe sei uja iha /29 hamutuk ip 6.
Ex.3 192.168.255.121/28 Bele Sura mesak ona?
ho Metudu ida ne'e fasil mai ita atu sura Total Ip Subnetting.
Oinsa Sura IP Network?
ita sei Utiliza fila fali Formula tuir mai ne'e hodi sura IP network.
- IP Network
Formula:
1). Host ID (Ikus)/Total IP = A
2). A * Total IP = B
3). B = Host IP Network
Ex1. Sura Ip Class C 192.168.255.121/30
1). 121 / 4 = 30,25 (Foti Mak 30 antes Virgula)
2). 30*4 = 120
3). Ip Network mak ne'e 192.168.255.120
Ex2. Sura Ip Class C 192.168.255.131/29
1). 131 / 8 = 16.375 (Foti Mak 30 antes Virgula)
2). 16*8 =
128
3). Ip Network mak ne'e 192.168.255.128
Ex2. Sura Ip Class C 192.168.255.131/28 Sekarik Kompriende bele Sura mesak ida ne'e...!!!
- Sura IP Broadcast
Formula
1). B = IP Host Network antes
2). B + ( Total Ip - 1 )
Ex1. IP address Class C 192.168.255.121/30
1). B = 120
2). 120 + ( 4 - 1 ) = 123
3). Ne'ebe IP Broadcast 192.168.255.123
Ex2. IP address Class C 192.168.255.121/29
1). B =120
2). 120 + ( 8 - 1 ) = 127
3). Ne'ebe IP Broadcast 192.168.255.127
Ex3. IP address Class C 192.168.255.121/28 Sekarik Kompriende bele Sura mesak ida ne'e...!!!
Sura Subnet Mask
Formula :
Class A = 255.(256-Total IP ).0.0
Class B = 255.255(256-Total IP ).0
Class C = 255.255.255.(256 - Total IP)
Ex1. Class C 192.168.1.0/30
= 255.255.255.(256-4)
= 255.255.255.252
Ex2. Class C 192.168.1.0/29
= 255.255.255.(256-8)
= 255.255.255.248
Fasil ou dificil uja metode ida ne'e? se fasil karik bele kontinua uja metode ida ne'e hodi Kontinua sura halimar Subnetting se hakarak ulun labele moras bele uja Kalkulator subnetting😁😁.
